重点单词串讲及同步练习(一)至(五)概要.doc

人教新课标高一寒假（必修1、2）重点知识复习回顾并经典寒假作业 （附答案） 重点单词串讲（一） 1. afford v. 付得起（费用）；抽得出（时间）；供给；给予。 注意： afford作“付得起；抽得出”讲时，常与can，could及be able to连用，后跟名词、代词或不定式，多用于否定句和疑问句中。如：I don’t think I can afford the time for a holiday. afford作“共给；给予”讲时，后面可跟双宾语。如：It will afford us great pleasure to work with you. afford不能用于被动语态。 派生词：affordable adj. 负担得起的 2. cover n. 封面；盖子；罩子。v. 覆盖；遮掩；行走（一段路程）；占（面积）；包括；涉及；报道。 常用短语：under the cover of在……的掩护下；cover sth with sth用……覆盖……（常用被动式）。 如： The thief broke into the house under the cover of darkness. The roofs are covered with heavy snow. 反义词：uncover v. 揭开 3. desert n. 沙漠。 v. 抛弃；遗弃；放弃。 如： After planting trees year by year, they have changed the desert into grassland. The faithless man deserted his friends in need. 派生词：deserted adj. 空寂无人的；被遗弃的。 形近词：dessert n. 餐后甜点。 4. download v.（从网络上）下载。 如：The teaching pictures have just been downloaded from the computer. 反义词：upload v. 上传。 5. effect n. 结果；效果；作用；影响（既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词）。 常用短语：cause and effect因果；have an effect on对……有影响； bring / carry / put … into effect实行；实施；使生效；to no effect无效； in effect实际上；事实上；take effect开始起作用；见效。 如： Lu Xun’s works had a very deep effect on him. The new law will be put into effect from January 1st, 2011. 派生词：effective adj. 有效的；实际的。 形近词：affect v. 影响；感动。 6. explore v. 勘探；探测；探究；探索。 如：The experts are exploring the problem how dinosaurs disappeared. 派生词：explorer n. 探险家；勘探者；exploration n. 探测；探索；勘探。 7. inform v. 通知；告诉；了解。 常用短语：inform sb of / about sth通知某人某事；inform on sb告发或检举某人。 如： The headmaster informed everyone of the news that the meeting would be held the next Monday. The person who tried to murder the president was informed on yesterday. 派生词：information n. 资料；信息。informal adj. 非正式的。 8. introduce v. 介绍；引进；引见。 固定搭配：introduce A to B将A介绍给B。如：Could you introduce yourself to everybody? 派生词：introduction n. 介绍；引见；序言。 近义词：recommend v. 推荐；介绍；劝告；建议。 9. offer v. （主动）提出；提供（东西或机会）。 固定搭配：offer to do sth主动提出做某事。如：My father offered to buy me a computer. 辨析：offer，provide和supply：都有“提供”之意，均为及物动词，但三者的搭配有所