非谓语动词讲练一.ppt

* * * * * * * 非谓语动词 非谓语动词的句法功能 充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分 成分 类别 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 不定式 [(to)+ v] ? 动名词? [Ｖ-ing] 现在分词[Ｖ-ing] ?过去分词 [Ｖ-ed] √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 非谓语形式 构成 时态和语态 否定式 复合结构 不定式 动名词 分 词 现在分词 过去分词 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing to be done to have been done doing having done being done having been done doing having done being done having been done done 在非谓 语前加 not或never for sb. to do sth. of sb. to do sth. sb. / sb’s doing 〖作主语仅用sb’s doing〗 〖特别注意： not having done; one’s not doing / one’s not having done〗 非谓语动词的考点 Ⅰ、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别； Ⅱ、非谓语动词作主语; Ⅲ、非谓语动词作表语； Ⅳ、非谓语动词作定语； Ⅴ、非谓语动词作宾语； Ⅵ、非谓语动词作宾补； Ⅶ、非谓语动词作状语； Ⅷ 、非谓语动词的时态语态； Ⅸ、非谓语动词否定形式； Ⅹ 、动名词的复合结构; Ⅺ 、不定式的复合结构 ； Ⅻ、关于there be 的非谓语形式。 Ⅰ、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 高考题点击： 1. “Can’t you read?” Mary said _____ to the notice. (93 N) A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods. （04上海春季） A. seizing, disappeared B. seized, disappeared C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing 两个动作之间用 and 连接称为并列谓语，并列谓语需注意两个动词的形式的一致性，故B、D皆错；不用 and 连接时称之为状语，只能用非谓语动词作状语，故C错。 seized 和 took 是并列谓语，disappearing 是伴随状语。此题的关键是and 的位置，如果 and 在 disappear 前，则三个动词并列。 Ⅱ、非谓语动词作主语 注意以下两个重要问题： 第一是并行结构问题 如：Seeing is believing. 第二需要注意一些结构： A) It’s no use (no good) doing sth. 如：It’s no use quarrelling with such a fellow . B) 在 It’s + adj. 结构中都用不定式作主语。注意两种句型： It’s easy (difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, 　comfortable, necessary…) 后加 for sb. to do It’s kind (nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, 　thoughtless, brave, considerate (考虑周到的), mean(卑鄙的), silly, selfish (自私的) )后加 of sb. to do 即主表一致性 Ⅲ、非谓语动词作表语 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult. (99 N) A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make