化工段设计计算.docVIP

第二章 热量衡算 混算的溶解热： 出口：H2SO4 =51% HNO3 =44% H2O=5% X=51÷（51+44）=51÷95=0.54 (查) q混 =1212kcal/kg =121×4.814=506.214kj/kg 入口：H2SO4 98% q1 HNO3 98% q2 H2SO4 74% q1 X=74÷（74+0.52）=0.993 查的：qs1=169kcal/kg=707.096kj/kg Qs2=106kcal/kg=443.504kj/kg Qs3=70kcal/=292.88kj/kg Qs=3513.05×707.096+3715.71×443.504+1058.72-8286.72×506.264 =2484063.6028+1647932.24784+310077.9136-4195268.01408 =246804.97256kj Q3= Qs+ Qr ∵Q1=0 ∴ Q3=246804.97256 去基准温度0℃，物料进入设备的温度为25℃，离开设备的温度为35℃ Q1=∑GiCpi（ti-t0） =3513.05×1.451×25+3715071×1.903×25+1058.72×1.924×25 =127435.88875+176774.90325+50924.432 =355135.224kg Q4=∑GiCpi（ti-t0） =8286.72×35×1.3715 =497410.368kg Q2=Q4-Q1-Q3 =497410.368-355135.224-246804.97256 =-104529.83kj Q20,系统需冷却 二．1#硝化釜的热量计算 选择基准温度为0℃，进料温度为25℃，出料温度为50℃ 循环废酸中 X=0.7433÷（0.7433+0.0052=0.993） n=25.15 查的q循环=74×4.814 =356.236 kj/mol q反HNO3=468.608 qx=2324.07÷（2324.04+100.48） =0.958 n=765.3÷（2324.07+100.48+765.3） =765.3÷3189.85×40% =23.99 q废=361.05 Q1=1035.84×1.715×25+781.38×1.72×25+2419.22×1924×25 =44411.64+33599.34+55883.98 =133894.96kj Q3=G混q混+G循环q循环-G反HNO3qHNO3-G废q废+Qr =1035.84×506.264+2419.22×356.36-363.53×356.236-3189.85×361.05+612.35÷112.5×133.36 =524408.50+861813.26-129502.47-725893.30 =530825.9907 Q4=∑GiCpi（ti-t0） =4236.2×1.884×50 =399050.04 Q2=Q4-Q-Q3 =-265670.91 Q20 系统需冷却 2