句子成分和句子.pptVIP

句子成分和句子 句子成分 构成句子最主要的成分是主语和谓语。 其他成分：表语、宾语(宾语补足语)、定语、状语和同位语等。 主语 动作的执行者，是语句要说明的对象，表示所谈的是“谁”或是“什么” 充当主语的有：名词（名词短语）、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句（主语从句）等等 例句 You can’t please everybody. The students are playing on the playground. That their team was defeated disappointed them. Business brought him to town. The sight of the orphan always reminds me of her parents. 注：一个句子必须要有主语和谓语，并且一个主语只能有一个谓语结构（一个谓语动词或几个并列）。 He has worked many years in this field has much experience. There were many people waited at the bus stop. 表语 表明主语的身份、特征和状态。系动词和表语一起构成谓语。 表语可由那些词充当？（代词、名词、形容词、数词、介词短语、动名词、动词不定式、从句……） 例句 The man is very interesting. His idea sounded strange. My only wish is to go to college. The problem is where we can raise so much money in such a short time. 宾语 宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。只有及物动词(vt.)和介词可带宾语。 宾语可由那些词来充当？ 几种类型的宾语 动词宾语 介词宾语 双宾语 (宾语补足语) 1.动词宾语（注：只有及物动词后才可后接宾语） His daughter married a millionaire last year. Two chairs aren’t enough. We need 5 more. I want to have a talk with you. You’d better give up somking. My deskmate said that we would take an examination. 2.介词宾语 Energy is measured in calories. Workers get paid by the month. This problem is far from being settled. With the development of agriculture and industry, more and more waste is being produced. 3.双宾语 I left him my telephone number when I left. He allowed his children 5 yuan a week. 后接双宾语的动词有： give, offer, show, send, bring, lend, tell, hand, teach… （这些动词后的间接宾语可改成一个由to引起的短语，表示动作方向。） A young man offered me his seat. (…his seat to me) buy, make, do, find, get, fetch, save, play, sing… （后接for引起的短语，表示动作为谁。） For whom did you buy this coat? 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语的动作、状态、身份或特征。 We elected him our chairman. 宾语和宾补之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系 例句： You can see steam rising from the wet clothes. She found the manager murdered in his office. 定语 是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定、描述、说明的成分。 那些可作定语？ 一般来说，单个词作定语置于被修饰词前(不定代词例外)，副词、短语或从句置后。 例句 Please buy me a return ticket. Can you answer the questions above? Everyone with eyes in his head can see elephant is like a fan. I