骨质疏松性骨折的危险因素.pdfVIP

2·36 · 国际内分泌代谢杂志2006 年 7 月第 26 卷第 4 期　Intern J Endocrinol Metab ,Jul 2006 ,Vol 26 ,No. 4 骨质疏松性骨折的危险因素 林华 　　【摘要】　骨量减少、骨微细结构破坏是骨质疏松症最重要的病理变化 ,这种病变最终将导致骨骼 脆性增加和骨折的发生。骨密度测定是临床骨质疏松诊断和骨质疏松性骨折危险性评估的重要基础 指标。骨质疏松性骨折同样还受到年龄及衰老、脆性骨折史及骨折家族史、皮质激素应用、低体重指 数、跌倒、饮食异常、吸烟、过量饮酒和某些疾病等多种危险因素的影响 ,这些因素可能依赖或独立于 骨密度的变化。 【关键词】　骨质疏松 ;骨折 ;危险因素 Risk factors of osteoporotic fracture 　LIN Hua . Centerfor Metabolic Bone Disease Research , Drum Tower Hos pital , Medical School , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210008 , China 【Abstract 】　Osteoporosis is a progressive systemic skeletal disease characterised by low bone mass and mi croarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue , with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to frac ture. The diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of osteoporotic fracture are based on the measurement of bone mineral density. There are also a number of clinical risk factors that provide information on fracture risk. These in clude age and aging , a prior fragility fracture and a parental history of fracture , use of systemic corticosteroids , low body mass index , falls , diet disorders , smoking , excess alcohol intake and some diseases. The independent contri bution of these risk factors can be integrated by the calculation of fracture probability with or without the use of bone mineral density. 【Key words】　Osteoporosis ; Fracture ; Risk factors ( ) Intern J Endocrinol Metab , 2006 , 26 :236 238 　　骨质疏松最严重的危害来自于骨质疏松性骨 折与骨密度相关 ,局部骨密度对相应区域的骨折风险 折 , 目前尚无法根本治愈骨质疏松,减缓病变的进 提示能力更佳 ,如腰椎骨密度能准确预测腰椎骨折风 程 ,预防骨折的发生是骨质疏松治疗的重要内容。 险 ,髋部骨密度能准确提示髋部骨质疏松性骨折风 骨质疏松的诊断和骨质疏松性骨折危险的判断现强 险[1～3] 。在全身不同部位骨密度的骨折风险预测能 调骨量和骨质量的评价 ,但至今为止临床上尚无一 力比较中