中学联盟湖南省长沙大学附属中学2017中考英语复习：the passive voice (共30张PPT).ppt

被动语态的各种时态 一般现在时 ： am/is/are done 一般过去时： was/ were done 一般将来时： will be done 情态动词的： V情 be done 现在完成时态 has/ have been done 现在进行时态 am/is are/ being done 过去进行时态 was/were being done 遇到有关动词的题型，一定要思考： 语态 （voice ） 时态 (tense) 主语谓语一致 使用被动语态时，注意： The active voice 主动语态 当主语为动作的执行者时, 谓语的形式为主动语态; The passive voice 被动语态 当主语为动作的承受者时, 谓语要用被动语态。 e.g. Many people speak English. （主动语态, 句子的主语many people是 动作speak的执行者） English is spoken by many people. （被动语态, 句子的主语English是动作 speak的承受者） 肯定句式：主语+be+ done+… 否定句式：主语+be not+ done+… 疑问句式： be +主语+ done+…？ 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态也有时态、人称和数的变化, 其变化规则 由be 来体现。 二、被动语态的时态 主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。 e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。 表示事物的特性的动词，没有被动语态 e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown? The pen sells well. 这笔销路很好 The flowers smells nice. 1. 肯定句： 主语+was / were+及物动词的过去分词+其他. e.g. The bridge was built three years ago. 这座桥是三年前修建的。 2. 否定句： 主语+ was/were not+及物动词的过 去分词+其他. e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first. 开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。 e.g. Was this picture drawn by your sister? 这幅画是你妹妹画的吗？ 3. 一般疑问句： Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分 词+其他? No, it wasn’t. No, 主语+ was / were + not. 否定回答 Yes, it was. Yes, 主语+ was / were. 肯定回答 4. 特殊疑问句： 疑问词（不作主语） + was / were +主语 + 及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) + 其他? e.g. When was the bridge built? 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动结构时介词或副词不能去掉。 e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather. → The meeting was put off because of the weather. 【拓展】 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常 把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的 直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接 宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或 for。 e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-dictionary yesterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和