麻省理工 网络优化 课程课件04transformationsandflowdecomposition.pdfVIP

15.082 and 6.855J February 13, 2003 Flow Decomposition and Transformations 1 Flow Decomposition and Transformations Flow Decomposition Removing Lower Bounds Removing Upper Bounds Node splitting Arc flows : an arc flow x is a vector x satisfying: Let b(i) = x - x j ij i ji We are not focused on upper and lower bounds on x for now. 2 Flows along Paths Usual: represent flows in terms of flows in arcs. Alternative : represent a flow as the sum of flows in paths and cycles. 2 2 2 2 Two units of flow 1 2 3 4 5 in the path P P 1 1 1 One unit of flow 5 2 1 1 around the cycle C 4 1 3 3 C Properties of Path Flows Let P be a directed path. Let Flow(,P) be a flow of units in each arc of the path P. 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 Flow(2, P) P Observation. If P is a path from s to t, then Flow(,P) sends units of flow from s to t, and has conservation of flow at other nodes. 4 Property of Cycle Flows If p is a cycle, then sending one unit of flow along p satisfies conservation of flow everywhere. 1 1 1 5 2