牛津译林版英语八下（初二）Unit4 Grammar (共38张PPT).ppt

must与have?to是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注意两词间的差别。 must 表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；must 还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。 have?to?强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不”。have?to 有人称和数的变化。 I?must?work?hard?at?my?lessons.?????? 我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿） I?have?to?look?after?mother?at?home.?? For?she?is?ill.? 我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需要） It is getting dark. He has to go home now. 天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要） must的否定形式是must not，其缩写为mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。 have?to的否定形式是do not have to，其缩写为don’t?have?to。 You?mustn’t?make?any?noise?in?class. 上课时你们不许吵闹。 You?don’t?have?to?water?the?flowers.? For?it?is?going?to?rain. 你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。 不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。 must表示主观的义务和必要，意思是“必须，得，要”，否定形式是must not; must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。 have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”，否定形式是do not have to。 请点击 1. I’m going on a field trip but I haven’t decided ______. 　A. what to do B. to do what 　C. where to go D. to go where 2. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ______ buy a digital camera? 　A. what to B. where to 　C. what I can D. where can I I. 单项选择。 3. — This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ______, Wang Lin? 　— Sure. 　A. what to work it out 　B. what to work out it 　C. how to work it out 　D. how to work out it 4. — We need a new leader for our Helping Hands Club, but I don’t know ______. — Why not Mary? She is always willing to help others. A. what to choose B. how to choose C. when to choose D. who to choose 5. The math problem is so hard. I really don’t know ______. A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it 6. — Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the nearest post office? — Sorry, I am new here. A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can When I go into the clothes shop, I always can’t decide ______ one to buy. 2. My grandfather doesn’t know ______ to use a computer