第二十章心血管疾病.ppt.ppt

心血管疾病Cardiovascular Disease 目 录 Content 心血管疾病的流行概况 高血压 脑卒中 冠心病 心血管疾病的预防策略与措施 CVD Epidemic outline Hypertension Stroke Coronary heart disease strategies and measurement for CVD 第一节 概况 overview 广义的心血管疾病（CVD）是一组以心脏和血管异常为主的循环系统疾病，它包括心脏和血管疾病、肺循环疾病以及脑血管疾病 Generalized cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of circulatory diseases mainly focusing on cardiac and vascular anomalies, which includes the heart and vascular disease, pulmonary circulation disease, and cerebral vascular disease 该组疾病中以高血压、脑卒中和冠心病对人类健康的危害最为严重 Among them, high blood pressure, stroke and coronary heart disease badly hazards human health hazards 流行状况 Epidemic situation 发达国家CVD流行情况分为四个阶段Four stages of CVD prevalence in developed countries 第一阶段（瘟疫期） 人群主要健康问题是传染性疾病、饥荒和营养缺乏,心血管疾病仅占5%-10%，主要是风湿性心脏病和肺源性心脏病 The first stage (plague stage) The main health problems was infectious diseases, famine and nutritional deficiencies. Cardiovascular disease accounted for only 5% -10%, which were mainly Rheumatic heart disease and pulmonary heart disease 第二阶段 传染病、饥荒和营养缺乏、风湿性心脏病和肺源性心脏病的发病率下降，人口平均年龄增长,饮食结构改变和盐摄入增多，使高血压、高血压性心脏病和出血性脑卒中患病率增加 The second stage Hypertension, hypertensive heart disease and hemorrhagic stroke prevalence rate increased with economic development, and improvement of production and living standards. 第三阶段 随着社会进步，经济发展，冠心病和缺血性脑卒中提早出现于55-60岁的人群，动脉粥样硬化的死亡占总死亡的35%-65%，结果人群平均寿命下降。 The third stage People intake more and more fat and calories with the economic development. coronary heart disease and cerebral ischemic stroke are early onset .As a result Population decline in the average life expectancy. 第四阶段 识到心血管病是严重的公共卫生问题； 全社会采取了积极的防治措施，加上医疗水平的不断提高； 动脉粥样硬化的死亡率降至50%以下。 The forth stage Realizing to the severity of CVD, the whole society actively take prevention and cure measures and the medical standards improve continuously. The mortality of CVD is declining more than 50%. 我国心血管疾病流行概况 Epidemic situation of cardiovascular diseas