一生要去的50个地方之Chichen Itza, Mexico精选.pptxVIP

The New Seven Wonders ;Chichen Itza, Mexico;;Cenote Sagrado; TheYucatán Peninsula is a limestone（[‘la?mst??n] n. [岩] 石灰岩） plain, with no rivers or streams. The region is pockmarked(有凹痕的） with natural sinkholes, called cenotes, which expose the water table to the surface. One of the most impressive of these is the Cenote Sagrado, which is 60 metres in diameter（n. 直径）, and sheer cliffs（陡峭的悬崖） that drop to the water table some 27 metres below.;The Cenote Sagrado was a place of pilgrimage （[‘p?lgr?m?d?] n. 朝圣之行）for ancient Maya people who, according to ethnohistoric（[,eθn?u-his’t?rik] adj. 人种史学的） sources, would conduct sacrifices during times of drought. Archaeological investigations support this as thousands of objects have been removed from the bottom of the cenote, including material such as gold, carved jade, copal（[‘k??p(?)l] n. 柯巴脂）, pottery（[‘p?t(?)r?] n. 陶器）, flint（[fl?nt] n. 打火石）, obsidian（[?b’s?d??n] n. 黑曜石）, rubber, cloth, as well as skeletons([sk?l?tn] n. 骷髅) of children and men. ; The Skull Platform shows the clear cultural influence of the central Mexican Plateau（ [pl?‘to] adj. 高原印第安人的）. Unlike the tzompantli of the highlands, however, the skulls were impaled vertically rather than horizontally （[,hɑr?’zɑntli] adv. 水平地）as at Tenochtitlan（特诺奇蒂特兰城）.; The Temple of the Warriors complex consists of a large stepped pyramid（ [‘p?r?m?d] n. 金字塔）fronted and flanked （[fl??k] vi. 侧面与…相接） by rows of carved columns（[’k?l?m] n.圆柱，柱形物）depicting（vt. [d?‘p?kt]描述） warriors. This complex is analogous （[?’n?l?g?s] adj. 类似的）to Temple B at the Toltec（ [‘t?ltek] adj. 托尔特克人的）capital of Tulan, and indicates some form of cultural contact between the two regions. The one at Chichen Itza, however, was constructed on a larger scale. At the top of the stairway on that is a Chac Mool. ;Temple of the Warriors;奇琴伊察最令人注目的古典时期建筑之一是一组精美的普克风格建筑群。虽然被西班牙人起了修女院（Las Monjas,The Nunnery）的绰号，这组建筑实际上是城市在古典时期的政府宫殿。东边不远是一座不大的庙宇，绰号“教堂”（La Iglesia，The Church），装饰有精美的雨神面具。 “修女院”建筑群???近还有一些其他建筑，包括：Akab‘