植物淹水胁迫形态学研究进展-中国农学通报.PDF

中国农学通报 2011,27(7): 11-15 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 植物淹水胁迫形态学研究进展 1 2 1 潘 澜 ，薛 晔 ，薛 立 1 2 （华南农业大学林学院，广州510642；浙江工业大学，杭州310023） 摘 要：此文对在淹水条件下植物的形态学响应方面进行综述，以便为洪涝灾害频繁发生地区选育耐淹 植物提供参考。淹水胁迫引起弱光环境，使气体扩散受限，叶绿素降解，光合速率下降。为了适应淹水 环境，植物形态上产生通气组织、不定根和肥大的皮孔、茎干伸长、叶片减少等以维持氧气的扩散和高的 吸收效率，维持高的能量贮备，以保障其正常的生理功能和新陈代谢。进一步开展与植物形态相关基因 研究，采用实验室植物的数据预测野外淹水条件下的植物抗涝性，森林淹水胁迫的定位观测是今后的研 究方向。 关键词：植物；淹水胁迫；形态特点 中图分类号：Q945.78 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2010-2293 AdvanceinResponseofMorphologyofPlantWaterloggingStress 1 2 1 Pan Lan , Xue Ye , Xue Li 1 ( CollegeofForestry,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity, Guangzhou 510642; 2ZhejiangUniversityofTechnology, Hangzhou 310023) Abstract: This paper summarizes the research advance in the morphological response of plant in order to supply basis for choosing waterlogging resistance plants in the regions suffering waterlogging. Waterlogging stress causes low light condition, as a result, gas diffusion is limited and the content of chlorophyll is degraded, finally photosynthetic rate of plants is declined. To adapt to waterlogging, plants develop some morphology characteristics, including producing aerenchyma, adventitious roots and larger lenticels, promoting stem elongation and wilting of leaves. So that they can maintain available oxygen diffus