howthingsshouldwork核电原理boilingwaterreactor沸水式反应堆.ppt

Current Topics inScientific Exploration Ivan Yeung CTL3352 Technical and Scientific Translation 仙 台 地 震Sendai Earthquake CTL3352 Scientific and Technical Translation Special Session 首次地震震央 震幅 9.0 級 地深 6 哩 / 英里 (fault line 斷層線) Fukushima Daiichi福島第一核電站 State of emergency declared: 20km exclusion zone. 宣佈進入緊急狀態： 20 公里疏散區 Fukushima Daiichi福島第一核電站 Reactor 1 70% of rods ‘significantly damaged’. Core likely to have been at least partially melted. 一號反應堆 70% 的核燃料棒「受損顯著」。堆芯可能已經部分消熔。 Fukushima Daiichi福島第一核電站 Reactor 2 33% of rods ‘significantly damaged’. Core likely to have been at least partially melted. 二號反應堆 33% 的核燃料棒「受損顯著」。堆芯可能已經部分消熔。 Fukushima Daiichi福島第一核電站 Reactor 3 Fire broke out where a fuel storage pool had overheated and may have let off radioactive steam 三號反應堆 核廢料貯存池過熱起火，釋放出可能帶輻射的水蒸氣。 Fukushima Daiichi福島第一核電站 try~ Reactor 4 The spent fuel storage pool may be boiling after a fire that blew two holes in the outer building, raising the possibility that exposed rods will reach criticality 四號反應堆 反應堆起火，外牆炸出兩個洞，核廢料貯存池可能沸騰，增加外露燃料棒到達安全臨界狀況的可能。 Fukushima Daiichi福島第一核電站 Although reactor number 1 was automatically shut down when the earthquake struck, a back up generator – designed to keep the reactor cool – failed when the tsunami struck. 雖然地震來襲時一號反應堆自動關閉，但海嘯來襲卻令用於冷卻反應堆的後備發電機受損失靈。 As the water around the core boiled, pressure built up, eventually blowing the roof off the reactor building. Another explosion early on 15 March suggests that pressure is still rising. 當堆芯周圍的水沸騰時，壓力累積，最終引致反應堆廠房頂部炸毀。3月15日早上另一次爆炸也意謂反應爐壓力仍在持續上升。 How things should work核電原理 Boiling Water Reactor沸水式反應堆 In a Boiling Water Reactor operating normally, water is fed in to cool the fuel rods, steam builds up and is released through a turbine and generator and sent out as electricity. 正常運作的沸水式反應堆，給水冷卻燃料棒，釋放積聚的蒸氣驅動渦輪發電。 Boiling Water Reactor沸水式反應堆 But when the cooling breaks down, the fuel rods are exposed and temperatures rise. 但冷卻失靈時，燃料棒外露，令溫度上升。 Boiling Water Reactor沸水式反應堆 In a