精品-英语翻译方法介绍.ppt

溶合法：是指原句中的主语和定语从句溶合在一起译成一个独立句子女的一种翻译方法。 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。 There was another man who seemed to have answers, and that was Jackson. 另外一个似乎胸有成竹，那就是杰克逊。 另外，翻译时还可将主句压缩成汉语词组做主语，而把定语从句译成谓语，溶合成一个句子。 “We are a nation that must beg to stay alive”, said a foreign economist. 一个外国经济学家道，“我们这个国家不讨饭就活不下去。” (2)? 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句对先行词不起限制作用，只对它加以描写、叙述或解释。翻译这类从句时也可以既运用前置法又使用后置法。 前置法：一些较短面具有描写性的英语非限制性定语从句，常可译成带“的”字的前置定语。 The overcoat, for which she paid $60, was very fashionable. 她花费60美元买来的这件外衣很时髦。 They plan a variety of activities, which supervisors can participate in. 他们安排了各种管理人员都能参加的活动。 But Mr. Jones’ laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. 但琼斯先生的富有感染力的笑声打破了静默。 后置汉：后置情况常可把原文的定语从句译成并列分句或独立句。翻译非限制性定语从句时后置法较常见。 My father, who had been out on business, returned yesterday. 我父亲昨天回来了，他出了差。(并列句) Then interested candidates will send us their resumes, which list their work experience and education. 然后感兴趣的申请者将把他们的个人简历寄给我们，这些个人简历列出了他们的工作经历和接受教育的程度。(并列句) I had a problem, which became clearly obvious just as I was to appear at the meeting. 我遇到了一个问题。当我就要出席会议时，这个问题就越发明显了。(独立句) Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully, which showed that the computations were accurate. 不过问题还是圆满地解决了。这说明计算很准确。(独立句) 需要特别说明的是定语从句与被修饰的先行词或先行句之间的逻辑关系丰富，其功能多变，如果我们能够搞清楚他们之间的关系及其从句的功能，在翻译时添加适当的表示逻辑关系的关联词，译句会显得非常顺畅，请看： (1??) 有的定语从句在意义上接近目的状语从句。 They set up a separate state of their own, where they could be free to keep Negroes as slaves. 南方各州成立了独立王国以便他们继续随意奴役黑人。 When the time came for Leonov to go out, his companion helped him fix the line that was to keep him from floating away from the ship. 该列昂罗夫到飞船外面时，他的伙伴帮他把缆绳系好以免他从飞船漂走。 ( 2 ) 有些定语从句有着时间状语从句的意义。 One of the US astronauts who made the first deep space walk on the moon dropped a hammer and a feather together. 一位美国宇航员在他首次漫步太空时，同时扔下了一把锤子和一根羽毛。 Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island. 岸边有两只独木船，这是他们到这个岛来时所乘坐过的。 ( 3 )?? 有些定语从句表示原因从句的意义。 Einstein, who was a Jew, fou