基于太阳能发电的产业技术路线图外文翻译_精品.doc

基于太阳能发电的产业技术路线图外文翻译 Policy framework: roadmap actions and milestones Overcoming economic barriers CSP today is usually not competitive in wholesale bulk electricity markets, except perhaps in isolated locations such as islands or remote grids, so in the short term its deployment depends on incentives. A number of regions, including Spain, Algeria, some Indian states, Israel and South Africa, have put in place feed-in tariffs or premium payments. Spain, for example, lets the producers choose between a tariff of EUR 270 USD 375/MWh, or a premium of EUR 250 USD 348/MWh that adds to the market price, with a minimum guaranteed revenue of EUR 250/MWh and a imum of EUR 340 USD 473/MWh. This approach has proven effective, as it offers developers and banks long-term price certainty, and makes CSP one of the less risky investments in the power sector In the United States, the federal government recently created the Renewable Energy Grant Program, as well as a Federal Loan Guarantee Program designed to foster innovation. BrightSource became the first CSP provider to benefit from this programme, securing USD 1.4 billion from the US Department of Energy in February 2010 for several projects In the long term, however, financing of CSP plants may become difficult if investors in technology companies do not supply some equity capital. Prices for capacity and energy are only guaranteed by utilities on a case-by-case basis under renewable portfolio standards the regulations that require increased production of energy from renewable sources and these standards are not always binding Financing innovation As pointed out earlier in this roadmap, many different technical approaches to CSP have been proposed, each showing expected benefits and potential challenges. All these options have to be tested in pilot plants to reveal their benefits and constraints, so strong government support for innovative small pilot plants is direly needed. Small 5 MW pilot plants are essential