无锡会议论文.doc

大型铸钢件热处理过程温度与变形量的非接触式测量 康进武，马继宇，喻海良，王天骄、黄天佑，胡永沂 （教育部先进成形制造重点实验室，清华大学机械工程系，北京100084） 摘要：热处理是铸钢件生产环节的重要工序之一，在热处理过程中铸件冷却不均匀以及由此引起的相变不同步易使铸件产生变形，尤其是大型相对薄壁的铸件。测试铸件热处理冷却的不均匀性和动态变形对应研究铸件变形规律进而控制铸件变形具有重要意义。本文采用红外热像仪和激光变形测量设备构建了过程的温度和变形动态非接触测量系统。并采用该系统对典型易变形铸钢件：大型水轮机叶片和下环铸件热处理过程的温度和变形进行了测量，揭示了其在热处理正火冷却过程和回火冷却过程中的变形规律。结果表明该测量手段对铸件热处理过程冷却和变形研究具有重要工程应用价值。 关键词：大型铸钢件 热处理 温度场 变形 非接触测量 Continuous Measurement of Temperature Field and Deformation of Heavy Castings during Heat Treatment Kang Jinwu，Ma Jiyu，Yu Hailiang，Wang Tianjiao，Huang Tianyou，Hu Yongyi (Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084) Abstract: heat treatment is one of the necessary procedures during the production of steel castings after casting. The uneven cooling and phase transformation will cause deformation of the castings, especially the relatively thin-sectioned heavy castings. The measurement of temperature distribution and its variation with time and the deformation will be of great significance for the study of the deformation of castings. In this paper, a non-contact temperature field and continuous displacement measurement system is established to investigate the cooling and deformation behavior of castings. And the system was used to measure the cooling and deformation of two typical heavy steel castings in the cooling stage of normalizing and tempering, a heavy hydro turbine blade and a band casting. The results unveil the temperature evolutions and deformation behavior of these two castings in heat treatment. The results show that established system is useful for temperature fields and deformation measurement for castings or parts during heat treatment. Keywords: heavy steel casting heat treatment temperature field deformation non-contact measurement 热处理是铸件生产过程中的一道重要工序，铸件在处理过程中冷却不均匀以及由此引起的相变的不均匀，决定了铸件的残余应力水平和变形。大型薄壁铸件在热处理过程中易出现变形，如大型水轮机转轮叶片和下环等铸件。如在三峡水轮机转轮叶片的制造中，由于没有很好掌握铸件变形规律，多采用加大铸造毛坯加工