educationintheunitedstates-扬州江都区丁沟中学.docVIP

SURVERY OF BRITAIN﹠AMERICA 英美文化概况 扬州市江都区丁沟中学校本课程编写组 主 编：徐瑞芳 编 审：何玉明 CONTENTS BRITAIN Chapter Ⅰ Land and People………………………………………………………２ Chapter Ⅱ　The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)　…………………………5 Chapter Ⅲ　The Shaping of the Nation (1066-1381)　 ………………………１１ Chapter　Ⅳ　Transition to the Modern Age (1455-1688)　 …………………１６ Chapter　Ⅴ　The Rise and Fall of the British Empire (1688-1990)　 ………２０ Chapter　Ⅵ　The Economy……………………………………………………２９ Chapter　Ⅶ　Government and Administration　………………………………３２ Chapter　Ⅷ　Justice and the law　……………………………………………３６ Chapter　Ⅸ　Social Affairs　…………………………………………………４０ Chapter　Ⅹ　Sports　…………………………………………………………４４ AMERICA Chapter Ⅰ　geography　………………………………………………………４５ Chapter Ⅱ　population　Race and Ethnic groups　……………………………４８ Chapter Ⅲ　American History(1) ……………………………………………５０ Chapter Ⅳ　American History(2)　 ……………………………………………５３ Chapter Ⅴ　American History(III)　 …………………………………………５５ Chapter Ⅵ　the Economy　……………………………………………………５７ Chapter Ⅶ　Political institution　……………………………………………５９ Chapter Ⅷ　Education　………………………………………………………６２ Chapter　Ⅸ　Literature, Architecture and Music………………………………６４ Chapter　Ⅹ　Holidays and Festivals……………………………………………６７ 第一章 Land and People 英国的国土与人民 I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛-大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capit