电感器的电动势线路的电流-ckw.PPT

Diamagnetism 反磁性 Superconductor is a perfect diamagnet (Meissner effect). 超導體是個完美的反磁鐵 (麥士那效應) B ? 0 B = 0: ?net = 0 This e slows down. 這 e 慢下來 This e speeds up. 這 e 快起來 ?net ? 0 Classical model of diamagnetism (not quite right) 反磁性的古典模型 (不太對) GOT IT? 27.2 What will be the direction of the current when the loop first enters the field from the left side? 當線圈開始從左邊進來磁場時，電流的方向為何？ Current is CCW 電流的方向為逆時針 S ? C GOT IT? 27.2 What will be the direction of the current when the loop first enters the field from the left side? 當線圈開始從左邊進來磁場時，電流的方向為何？ Current is CCW 電流的方向為逆時針 S ? C Application. Electric Generators 發電機 World electricity generation ~ 2TW. 全世界的發電量 ~ 2TW 。 Sinusoidal AC output 正弦形交流電輸出。 Hand-cranked generator ~ 100W 手搖發電機 ~ 100W Work required due to Lenz’s law. 因楞次定律而需要作功。 Rotating loop changes ? induces emf. 旋轉的線圈改變 ? 而引發電動勢。 Rotating conducting loop 旋轉的導電圈 Stationary brushes 固定的電刷 Rotating slip rings. 旋轉的套環。 Electric load 電載 GOT IT? 27.3 If you lower the electrical resistance connected across a generator while turning the generator at a constant speed, 如果你把發電機外接的電阻降低，同時維持發電機的轉速不變， will the generator get easier or harder to turn? 發電機會變得容易些還是難些轉？ constant speed ? fixed peak emf 轉速不變 ? emf 峯值不變 lower R ? larger power 較低 R ? 功率較大 Example 27.5. Designing a Generator 設計一台發電機 An electric generator consists of a 100-turn circular coil 50 cm in diameter. 一台發電機內含一個直徑為 50 cm 的 100-轉 圓形線圈。 It’s rotated at f = 60 rev/s to produce standard 60 Hz alternating current. 它以 f = 60 rev/s 轉動來產生標準的 60 Hz 交流電。 Find B needed for a peak output voltage of 170 V, 求輸出峰壓為 170 V 時所需 B ： which is the actual peak in standard 120 V household wiring. 這也是住宅標準 120 V 線路的峰壓。 Loop rotation 迴路轉動 線圈面積 Swiping a credit card. 刷一張信用卡。 Patterns of magnetization on the strip induce currents in the coil. 磁帶的磁化式樣令線圈產生感應電流。 EM induction is basis of magnetic recording ( audio, video, computer disks, …). 電磁感應是磁性錄製的根源 ( 如錄音，錄影，電腦磁碟，… ) Modern hard disks: Giant magnetoresistanc