2018版高中英语（人教版）必修4同步教师用书：Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Grammar Writing.docVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法 1．Since then，finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2．As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 3．Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. 4．However，he doesnt care about being famous. 5．He enjoys listening to violin music，playing mah-jong，swimming and reading. 6．Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. 7．Just dreaming for things，however，costs nothing. 8．He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. 动词-ing形式的基本用法： 动词-ing形式具有名词性质，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。本单元主要学习动词-ing作主语和宾语的用法。 一、动词-ing的形式 形式 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 二、动词-ing形式作主语 1．动词-ing形式直接作主语表示抽象的概念，通常直接置于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。 Reading aloud is a good way in learning a language. 朗读是学习语言的一个好办法。 Getting up early is a good habit. 早起是一种好习惯。 [名师点津]　 动词-ing形式/不定式作主语的区别 动词-ing形式 动词-ing形式作主语表示经常性、习惯性的动作 不定式 不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作 Lying is wrong. 撒谎不对。 To lie to her is wrong. 对她撒谎不对。 2．置于句末，用it作形式主语，多见于下面几个句型： It is worth/worthwhile doing...做……是值得的 It＋be＋a waste of time doing...做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no use doing...做……是没有用的 It is a waste of time talking about such useless things. 谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 三、动词-ing形式作宾语的用法 1．有些动词和含有介词的动词短语后常用动词-ing形式作宾语。如admit，appreciate，avoid，stand(忍受)，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，imagine，escape，excuse，suggest，feel like(想要，喜欢)，finish，forgive，mention，mind，miss，practise，get down to，give up，devote...to，insist on，keep(on)，look forward to，pay attention to，put off，stick to，be accustomed to＝be used to(习惯于)，等等，如果宾语是被动的动作，则用being done。 Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗子吗？ She doesnt mind being laughed at. 她不介意被人嘲笑。 2．在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名词/代词＋不定式(宾语补足语)”形式。 They advise solving the problem in this way. 他们建