2018版高中英语（人教版）必修4同步教师用书：Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Grammar Writing.docVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing 动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法 1．You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing... 2．Such training was common in acting families at this time... 3．He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. 4．...his subtle acting made everything entertaining. 5．He grew more and more popular as his charming character，the little tramp，became known throughout the world. 6．How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? 7．The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted! 一、动词-ing形式作表语 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。 1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。 The argument is very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。 He remained standing beside the table. 他依然站在桌旁。 [名师点津]　作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...，这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。 2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 My job is delivering milk from door to door every morning. 我的工作就是每天早上挨家挨户送牛奶。 My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好就是集邮。 二、动词-ing形式作定语 动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。 1．动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。 The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother. ＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother. 在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 [名师点津]　 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。 You should adapt to the changing situation. 你应该适应不断变化的形势。 The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地上满是落叶。 Im looking for a room to live in. 我正在找房子住。 三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 　动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。 1．表示“感觉”的感官动词：feel，smell，listen to，hear，watch，see，notice，observe等。 I felt someone patting me on the shoulder. 我感觉有人在拍我的肩膀。 2．表示“使；让”的使役动词：have，keep，get，leave，let，set，make，send等。 We wont have you doing that. 我们不允许你那么做。 3．用于with复合结构中。 I couldnt do my homework with the