英汉语言对比第一课.ppt

Abbreviation A：台湾大陆三通：通邮、通商、通航 Direct links of mail, transport and trade B：房地产新房三通：通水、通电、通气 新房三通：通水、通电、通气 三农”问题: Issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area ?和平共处五项原则： 互相尊重领土完整和主权、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处 Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: mutual respect for territorial integrity and sovereignty, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence ? Abbreviation’s four subtypes 1. clipping 2. initialisms 3. acronyms (difference from initialism) 4. blends Clippings The definition: the process of clipping involves the deletion of one or more syllables from a word (usually a noun), which is also available in its full form. eg. airplane → plane Telephone → phone main types of clippings A: back clippings (apocope) eg. Advertisement → ad eg. Ampere → amp eg. Automobile → auto B. front clippings (aphaeresis) eg. Omnibus → bus parachute → chute helicopter → copter C: front back clippings (not a common type of clipping) eg. Influenza → flu prescription → script detective → tec department → dept D: Syncope (截除词腰) eg. Fluidonics → fluidics应用流体学 eg. Fossilization → fossilation化石化的东西（陈腐化，化石作用） eg. Pacificist → pacifist和平主义者 Initialism definition of Initialism It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase; an initialsim is pronounced leter by letter. CAD: computer-aided design WTO: World Trade Organization 白骨精 白领 骨干 精英 小白脸（年） 小资 白领 年轻 Acronym Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scienticic term, etc. acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. eg. NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organzation) ? OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) SAM (surface-to-air missile) blending Definition : blending is a process of word-frmation in which a