Representation of Numbers表示数字的.pptVIP

Representations Example: Numbers 145 CVL91 Meaning of Number Representation Examples: 145 = 1*102 + 4*101 + 5*100 Decimal CVL = 100 – 5 + 50 Roman1*27 + 1*24 + 1*20 Binary 91 = 9*161 + 1*160 Hexadecimal = 100 + 10+10+10+10+1+1+1+1+1 Egypt = 2*60 + 10+10+5 Babylon =7*20 + 5 Maya Meaning of Numbers: Convention/Agreement Any number consists of symbols The value of a number is defined by a set of rules of how to interpret these symbols Most systems have a base number 10 Decimal 2 Binary 8 Octal 16 Hexadecimal What makes a good representations? Meet certain constraints on the symbols Intuitive interpretation Can express everything you need !! Support for frequent operations Efficiency Space What do we want to represent: Data Types Set of objects of the same “kind” Defined by a way of representing each object a group of operations to perform on such objects Basic data types of computer integers (unsigned and signed) plain text characters bit vectors (floating point numbers) Computer Representation Computer representation: Symbols: 0,1 Words = sequence of k symbols (bit’s) 8 bit =1 byte notation for an unknown k-bit word: ak-1a k-2 … a1a0 ak-1is called the most significant bit a0 is called the least significant bit k is always a power of 2: 16 or 32 Unsigned Integer Representation 145=1*102 + 4*101 + 5*100 Decimali Binary =1*27 +0*26+0*25 +1*24 +0*23 +0*22 +0*21 +1*20 =1*128+0*64+0*32+1*16+0*8+0*4+0*2+1*0 =145 “Multiply and Add Algorithm” How good is unsigned integer? Positive Uses only 0 and 1 Easy addition and conversion to