《英语词汇学》第三单元 其他构词法.pptxVIP

Chapter 3;一、 缩略法（abbreviation）;中国银行——BC（Bank of China) 中国建设银行——CCB(China Constuction Bank) 中国农业银行——ABC(Agricultural Bank of China) 中国工商银行——ICBC(Industrial and Commercial Bank of China) CCTV China Central Television 中央电视台 Closed-circuit television 闭路电视; 英语中缩略词形式繁多，主要有四种类型：截短词（clipped?word）,首字母缩略词（initialism）,首字母拼音词（acronym）,拼缀词（blend）。? ;I. 截短词;b．截除词首（aphaeresis [?fe?r?s?s]）? phone—telephone???? plane—aeroplane?????? fiche [fi:?] [fi?] —microfiche?????bus—omnibus?????????? scope—telescope?????? burger—hamburger????? quake—earthquake??? coon—raccoon?[r??ku:n]???? cab—taxicab c．截除首尾（front?and?back?clipping）? ???? 有个别词截去首尾，保留不在首尾的重读音节。? ?fridge—refrigerator???tec—detective???????script—prescription??? flu—influenza asst—assistant dept—department;?d.?截除词腰（syncope [?s??k?pi] ）? ????这种情况很少见，有些词音节相仿的就可能截除一个音节。????? pacifist—pacificist????(和平主义者)? fossilation—fossilization???（化石作用） ?e．截除词组（Phrase?Clippings）? ????缩略词组，提取最关键、最具代表性的字母来。? ????Fed—the?Federal?government ?? Med—the?Mediterranean??Sea? Pop—popular?music????????????? zoo—zoological?garden;II. 首字母缩略词?;AD/A.D. anno domini BC before Christ CEO chief excutive officer BBC Bristish Broadcasting Corperation APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation D.J. disc jockey PC personal computer PR public relations UFO Unidentified Flying Object AI Artifical Intelligence DIY Do it Yourself;b．来源部分元素或者是一个词的一部分? ID—Identification??? TV—Television? GHQ—General?headquarters? TB—tuberculosis? c.和其他词连用，最后一个词不可省? E-mail—electric??mail? V-DAY—victory??day? GI?Jane—Government?Issue?Jane; 首字母拼音法（Acronyms），即由组织机构或术语的名称的? 首字母组成一缩略词，与首字母缩略法（Initialisms）不同的是，这?些组合词有自己的读音。?例如：? NATO—the?North?Atlantic?TreatyOrganization?? Rada—radio?detecting?and?ranging，? ROM—read?only?membory?(只读内存) Nilk—no?income?, lots?of?kids? ASEAN—the?association?for?South-East?Asia