Lecture 10 More on the normal distributionppt讲座10在正常distribution.pptVIP

Review Continuous Random Variables Density Curves Uniform Distributions Normal Distributions Probabilities correspond to areas under the curve. the total area under the curve is 1, Only the probability of an event occurring in some interval can be evaluated. The probability that a continuous random variable takes on any particular value is zero. Normal Distributions Shape of this curve is determined by μ and σ μ it’s centered, σ is how far it’s spread out. The Normal Distribution Probabilities associated with values or ranges of a random variable correspond to areas under the normal curve Calculating probabilities can be simplified by working with a Standard Normal Distribution A Standard Normal Distribution is a Normal distribution with ? =0 and ? =1 The standard normalrandom variable is denoted by thesymbol z The Normal Distribution Table for Standard Normal Distribution contains probability for the area between 0 and z Partial table shows components of table The Normal Distribution What is P(-1.33 z 1.33)? P(-1.33 z 1.33) = P(-1.33 z 0) +P(0 z 1.33) = .4082 + .4082 = .8164 The Normal Distribution What is P(z .67)? Table gives us area A1 Symmetry about the mean tell us that A2 = .5 P(z .67) = A1 + A2 = .2486 + .5 = .7486 The Normal Distribution What if values of interest were not normalized? We want to know P (8x12), with μ=10 and σ=1.5 Convert to standard normal using P(8x12) = P(-1.33z1.33) = 2(.4082) = .8164 The Normal Distribution Steps for Finding a Probability Corresponding to a Normal Random Variable 1) Sketch the distribution, locate mean, shade area of interest 2) Convert to standard z values using 3) Add z values to the sketch 4) Use tables to calculate probabilities, making use of symmetry property where necessary The Normal Distribution Making an Inference How likely is it for an observation to be less than 20, given an assumed normal distribution with mean of 27 and standard deviation of 3? Soluti