专题演化经济地理学.pptVIP

理论专题1：演化经济地理学 理论专题1：演化经济地理学 演化经济地理学: 经济地理学发展的新方向 Evolutionary economics and economic geography Why is economic geography not an evolutionary science 演化经济地理学初现端倪 演化经济学 对经济系统中新奇的创生、传播和由此导致的结构转变进行研究的科学 ——Foss, 1994 新奇是新的行动可能性的发现,是人类创造性的结果 ——Witt ,1992 演化经济学对经济地理学的影响 演化经济地理学研究的兴起 演化经济地理学的基本主张 研究假设上的主张 反对完全理性的“经济人”假设 专注于经济系统的动态过程 认为演化结果非最优化 演化经济地理学的基本主张 系统论是其分析方法 新奇是演化的根本动力 历史是演化的基础 惯例是演化的轨道 多样性是演化的方向 研究的基本层面与基本议题 企业/ 组织层面 产业/ 区域层面 空间系统层面 制度层面 评价 演化经济学给经济地理研究提供了新思路 问题 理论来源本身有问题 未能全面吸收当代经济地理学的其他理论 研究内容尚未构成一个严密的体系 经验研究范围不广泛 Evolutionary economics and economic geography 演化经济地理学是运用演化经济学的主要概念,如选择、路径依赖、机会和收益递增等来研究经济地理的两大主题 区域环境的空间特性对技术变革的新变化形式的潜在影响 “新奇”如何影响空间系统的长期演化 Why is economic geography not an evolutionary science Introduction Methodenstreit has been raging in the field of economic geography Evolutionary economics can be considered a third approach in economic geography Objective is to outline the basic elements of Evolutionary Economic Geography Methodenstreit in economic geography Institutional turn in economic geography ? Application of neoclassical economics Institutional and neoclassical approaches differ in methodology Behavioural assumptions underlying explanations of economic phenomena Three key issues in economic geography Usefulness of formal modelling Assumption debate Conceptualization of time Interface between NEG and EEG Common features Possibility of multiple equilibria Explaining how uneven spatial patterns emerge from uniform or ‘neutral space’ Interface between NEG and EEG Difference Assumptions of utility maximization of economic agents and homogeneity of agents (‘the representative agent’) Economic levels of aggregation Treatment of dynamics Underlying theory of agglomeration economies Interface between IEG and EEG Difference Attitude towards formal modelling Treatment of context Summary of EEG Combine appreciative theorizing (inductive) and formal modelling (deductive) Take firms, and their routines, as the basic but not the sole unit of analysis Des