Cross-cultural and Historical Perspectives on the Consequences 跨文化和历史的观点的后果.pptVIP

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2018-04-13 发布于江西
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Cross-cultural and Historical Perspectives on the Consequences 跨文化和历史的观点的后果.ppt

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Cross-cultural and Historical Perspectives on the Consequences 跨文化和历史的观点的后果.ppt

Cross-cultural and Historical Perspectives on the Consequences of Education: Implications for the Future Michael Cole, University of California, San Diego Considering Basic Concepts:Culture Culture The entire body of socially inherited past human accomplishments that serves as the resources for the current life of a social group ordinarily thought of as the inhabitants of a country or region The tending of something Worshipful homage Considering Basic Concepts:Education “The systematic instruction, schooling, or training given to the young in preparation for the work of life” (OED, 1971, p. 833) and To “educe,” the initial meaning of which was to “elicit or develop from a condition of latent, rudimentary, or merely potential existence” (OED, 1971, p. 834). Common emphasis on raising the young and underspecification of methods for doing so Considering Basic Concepts:Cross-cultural and Historical Basic disagreements about extent to which cross-cultural research is simultaneously cross-historical. Does socio-cultural evolution equal progress? Are consequences of historical change general or specific? Answers to these questions shape conclusions about culture variation and education in a variety of ways History, Social Differentiation: Is Education a Universal feature of cutlure? One popular view: “education,” applies equally across all societies at all times because “one of the fundamental characteristics of human civilization is a concern for the preparation of the next generation” (Reagan 2000), p. xiii). This view equates education and enculturation. Denies the relevance of historical change Leads to use of hedge terms such as “informal” or “education in the broadest sense.” My view: the forms of education have changed historically and so have the forms of enculturation Some Relevant Historical Changes Small, face-to-face societies J. Bruner: …“the process by which implicit culture is ‘acquired’ by the individual ... is such that awareness and