CS 160 Week 3 Functions - The Citadel, The Military College of CS 160周3功能的堡垒，军事学院.pptVIP

J. Ingber User-defined Functions ELEC 206 Computer Tools for Electrical Engineering Functions A program can be thought of as a collection of sub parts or sub tasks: input data analyze data output results In C++ these subtasks are called functions. Functions Complex problems can be broken down into sub tasks, each of which is easy to implement in C++. What are some other advantages to using functions, as opposed to writing the entire solution in main? Functions Pre-defined standard libraries User-defined Pre-defined Functions - Example Cast Functions User-defined Functions Terminology Function Prototype describes how a function is called Function Call Function Arguments used in the function call Function Definition function header function body Formal Parameters used in function definition Formal parameters must agree with arguments in order, number and data type, but the identifiers can be different. User-defined Functions Can be defined to perform a task (return no value) return a single value to the calling function change the value of multiple variables Void Functions A void function may be called to perform a particular task modify data perform input and output A void function does not return a value to the calling program return statement is optional if a return statement is used, it has the following form: return; Example of void function //output formatted date //function definition void print_date(int mo, int day, int year) //function header { string month; switch(mo) { case 1: month = “January”; break; case 2: month = “February”; break; … case 12: month = “December”; }//end switch cout month ‘ ’ day “, year endl; return; //return is optional } //end print date Value-returning Functions A function returns a single value to the calling program The function header declares the type of value to be returned A return