专四语法讲解教学(从句).ppt

从 句 副词性（状语）从句 副词在句中起状语作用，故如果起状语作用的部分为一个句子，那么该句便是副词性从句，也称状语从句。状语从句可细分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、方式等。 状语从句的测试重点为：考查对主从句之间逻辑意义关系的把握，看其是否能选择正确的从属连词。 1.让步状语从句 让步状语从句：除了2000，2007年没考，其他年份都考过 （1）由though, although, even if / though引导的状语从句 （2）as引导的让步状语从句 (3) while 引导的让步状语从句 （4) no matter how/ what / when / where, however, whatever 引导的让步状语从句 (5）特殊让步状语从句 真题讲解 1. _____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. (09, 54) A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However [A] 2. _____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (08, 55) A. Much enough B. Much as C. As much D. Though much [B] 2.条件状语从句 引导词除if外，还有unless, provided / providing (that), so / as long as, on condition that, suppose / supposing (that), in the event that, whether or not 可表示选择条件句。 从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，并且从句谓语含有be时，可以将从句主语和be一起省略。 这被称为带连词的无动词状语从句。 如： Although (he is) very young, he works as hard as an adult. The child is never peevish unless (he is) sick. 真题讲解 1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _____ that he paid me back the following week. (05, 64) A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only if [C] 3.时间状语从句 （1）when 与while 引导的时间状语从句 （2）Hardly / Scarcely ... when; No sooner … than 引导的时间状语从句 （3）the minute / moment /day, the first / second / last time, each / every / next time （4) since “自从”，从句用非延续动词，主句完成时态 (5)副词directly, immediately, instantly, now引导时间从句, 相当于as soon as。如: The policemen went into action directly they heard the alarm. 4.原因状语从句 常用引导词since, as, because, in that, 等 (1)in that引导原因从句时,有时翻译成“是因为”、“就在于”。如: Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes. 5. 方式状语从句 主要由as 引导，as if / though, the way, rather than, much as 真题举例 1. Nine is to three