Drug induced nephrotoxicity药物引起的肾毒性.ppt

For the patient with ARF, goals include: A) Avoid exposure to additional nephrotoxins B) Minimize extrarenal complications C) Expedite recovery of renal function D) Restore previous degree of renal function E) All of the above In a patient with ARF and gram-negative sepsis receiving gentamicin therapy, which of the following should be considered in developing a treatment regimen? A) Gentamicin removal can be faster in ARF compared to CKD B) Administration of the gentamicin immediately post the intermittent hemodialysis session C) Careful assessment of the patient’s actual volume of distribution of gentamicin D) Determining the viability of other antimicrobial alternatives E) All of the above 17 Which of the following is false regarding ARF in the hospitalized patient? A) Occurs in approximately 7% of hospitalized patients B) Is associated with increased mortality C) Can lead to long-term kidney damage and life-long hemodialysis D) Should be aggressively treated with high-dose diuretics Causes of diuretic resistance include the following except: A) Inappropriate diuretic dose or regimen B) NSAID-associated decrease in sodium resorption C) Presence of heart failure D) Vasodilator-associated reduction in renal blood flow 19 A 76-year-old, 60-kg patient with a history of heart failure is admitted for severe nausea and fever of several days’ duration, as well as acute onset of chest pain. There is a single serum creatinine value of 2.4 mg/dL, and tests for several drugs eliminated primarily by the kidney are ordered. It is 2:00 in the afternoon. Choose the best consideration for those agents eliminated primarily by the kidney. A) The creatinine clearance can be calculated to estimate a GFR, and then an adjusted dosing regimen should implemented for the duration of this admission. B) Send out the initially ordered doses immediately and do not check if any were admi