陕西科技大学过程装备与控制工程过程装备双语Chap.8 Cooling towers.pptVIP

Chapter 8 Cooling Towers §8.2 Cooling Tower Applications and Theory of Operation Para 1: 1. slat 百叶片 line 4 relative humidity (RH)——the amount of water in a given quantity of air at a given temperature; 相对湿度 counter-count line 4 2．Function: To cool water for reuse; 3. Methods: They cool hot water by bringing it into direct contact with air, using countercurrent or cross-flow patterns. 4. Cooling process: Slats direct airflow and the flow of water falling from the top of the tower; the downward-flowing water coats the fill and form a film, thereby increasing the surface area for contact between the cool air and hot water. Hot water transfers heat to the cooler air it contacts in the tower. 5. The factors that affect the efficiency of a cooling tower: evaporation——Most critical factor，and is affected by RH, T, wind velocity; tower design, water contamination, equipment problems. Para 2-3: 2 ways to measure T: dry-bulb temperature (DBT) wet-bulb temperature (WBT) saturate 饱和 dew point 露点 P158 把水银温度计的水银球用湿纱布包裹，纱布的一端浸在水中以保持纱布充分润湿。湿纱布中的水分不断向空气中蒸发时需要吸收热量，这热量靠由空气传到水银球来补充。因此，水银球的温度比空气的温度低，亦即比没有包有湿纱布前为低。此时测得的温度称为湿球温度。通过所测得的空气温度和湿球温度，便可以计算出空气中所含的水蒸气量。 §8.3 Basic components of a cooling Tower Fig. 8.5-1 water distribution header 水分配总管 return line 回水管 water basin 水池 make-up water 补给水 splash bar—— fill §8.4 Cooling Tower Classification §8.9 Water-cooling system In 2 common ways heat exchangers can be connected to cooling towers: parallel, series; (P164 fig.8.9-1) §8.10 The trouble with water Problems: (1) 1st sent. (2) corrosive, deposits; (3) foul and plug exchanger tubes; (4) wood decay. §8.10 The trouble with water 2. Approaches for solving: P164 (1) Blow-down: (2) Scale-forming solids——softening