第八章汉语无主句的翻译.doc

第八章 汉语无主句的翻译 翻译汉语无主句，可根据上下文添加主语，也可转换句子结构，译为英语中的被动句、“There be”句型、倒装句或祈使句。 一、译为被动句 无主句中动词带有宾语，而且宾语比较短小，可以译为英语的被动句，利用汉语原句中的宾语作为被动句的主语。 1. 有效保护儿童权利。 The right of children should be effectively protected. 2. 继续改善居民住房条件。 Housing conditions should be continuously improved. 3. 进一步深化国有企业改革。 Reform of State-owned enterprises will be deepened. 4. 支持、鼓励和引导私营、个体企业尤其是科技型中小企业健康发展。 The sound development of private enterprises, especially small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises, will be supported, encouraged and guided. 5. 继续通过平等友好协商，处理彼此间存在的一些分歧和争议，寻求问题的逐步解决。 These problems can be solved step by step by handling the existing disagreements and disputes through continued friendly consultations on the equal footing. 6. 对长期亏损，扭亏无望的企业实施规范破产。 Standardized bankruptcy processes should be imposed on/carried out in the lossing-making enterprises whose long-time difficult situation is unlikely. 7. 必须推进以德育为核心，以创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育。 The quality-oriented education should be promoted revolving around moral education and focusing on creativity and practical ability. 8. 预计中国打算在近期购买私车的人数将达到三百万。 It is predicted that the car purchasers in China will amount to 3 million in the near future. The car purchasers in China are predicted to amount to 3 million in the near future. 二、增添主语 可以添加we, one, you等泛指的代词来作为无主句的主语，使之成为英语中的完整的句子。动词宾语较长，或者存在多个宾语，一般采用添加主语的方法处理。 1. 全面发展同其他发达国家的友好合作与交流。 We will develop our friendly cooperation and promote exchanges in the all-round way with other developed countries. 2. 应当鼓励国内外投资者到中西部投资。 We should encourage both Chinese and overseas investors to invest in the central and western regions. 3．要致力于推动建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序。 We should work to bring about a just and rational new international political and economic order. Major efforts should be devoted to bringing about a just and rational new international political and economic order. 4. 不可低估通信对全世界知识和财富、民主与和平的影响。 We can’t underestimate the impact of the telecommunications on the world peace and freedom, knowledge and weal