辽宁石油化工大学石油工程专业毕业设计论文.doc

毕业设计（论文） 题目： 高粘度稠油开采方法的研究与应用 姓 名： 专 业： 石油工程 学 院： 继续教育学院 学习形式： 自学考试 助学单位： 辽河石油技术学院 指导教师： 2014年9月 高粘度稠油开采方法的研究与应用 摘 要 综述了解稠油降黏开采技术的近期进展，重点是乳化降黏法和微生物法中生物表面活性剂的作用，论题如下， 1,稠油组成及其高黏实质。 2,物理法降黏，包括掺西油法和蒸汽、电加热法，新疆塔河油田一口井用掺稀油法试油开采。 3,化学法降黏，包括催化水热裂解、乳化、破乳及油溶性降黏，简述了降黏机理，介绍了国内乳化降黏剂研制和应用方面的成果。 4,微生物法降黏：包括微生物采油机理、生物表面活性剂、生物表面活性剂用于EOR、国内产表面活性剂菌种塞选。 关键词:稠油开采;稠油降黏技术;降黏机理;乳化降黏;生物表面活性剂等。 ABSTRACT Will summarize the thick oil to fall mounts the mining technology the short-term progress, the key point is the emulsification falls mounts in the law and the microorganism law the biology surface active agent function, the thesis is as follows, 1，The thick oil composition and mounted the essence high 2,,The physical law falls mounts west, including mixes the oil law and the steam, the electric heating law, a Xinjiang Ta River oil field well with mixes the thin oil law to test a newly drilled oil well mining 3,The chemical process falls mounts, including the catalyzed water hot decomposition, the emulsification, the emulsion breaking and the oil solubility fell mounts, summarizes has fallen mounts the mechanism, introduced the domestic emulsification fell mounts the medicinal preparation development and the application aspect achievement. 4,The microorganism law falls mounts: Including the microorganism extraction mechanism, the biology surface active agent, the biology surface active agent use in EOR domestically, produce the surface active agent mold mushroom spawn to fill elect. Key word: Thick oil mining; The thick oil falls mounts the technology; Falls mounts the mechanism; The emulsification falls mounts; Microorganism extraction; Biology surface active agent; Summary 目 录 第1章 前言 1 第2章 稠油的性质 2 2.1稠油的组成及性质 2 2.1.1 稠油的分类 2 2.1.2 稠油的物理性质 3 2.1.3 稠油的流动性 3 2.2 稠油的温度 3 2.2.1 温度对稠油变性的影响 4 2.2.2 温度特性 4 2.2.3 剪切速率的影响 5 2.2.4 牛顿流体的转化温度点 5 2.3 稠油开采的难度 5