[英语学习]G3 word-formation 2_ nouns.pptVIP

Compounding/Composition (合成) A compound, the product of composition, is a lexical unit consisting of more than one base and functioning both grammatically and semantically as a single word.(Li:12-13) In theory, any number of bases can be involved in the formation of a compound, but the majority of English compounds comprise two bases only. This table is to classify compounds in terms of the word classes Compound of other word classes. * compound prepositions: into, onto * compound conjunctions: whenever, whereas * compound pronouns: anyone, somebody * compounds motivated by rhyme: hodge-podge(大杂烩), teeny-weeny(小小的), brain-drain (智囊流失), hurly-burly (喧嚣) shilly-shally ( 犹豫不决) dilly-dally(磨磨蹭蹭) P38 * compound adverbs: single-handed, empty-handed * “neo-classic compounds”, referring to compounds that contain such elements, usually Greek or Latin in origin, as astro- (关于天体,宇宙的, 例如:astronauts, astrophysics ), eletro- -crat, -naut, -phile(爱好…的人) and –phobe(仇视…者): bibliophile(爱书者), xenophobe(仇外者) Blending A blend is a new word formed from parts of two (or possibly more) other words.( say the difference between a blend and a compound) In some cases, however, blending may produce a compound of a word and part of another. compare: brunch, tea-table The formation of a blend * part + part: motel (motor + hotel) smog (smoke + fog) telecast (television+ broadcast) heliport (helicopter+ airport) brunch (breakfast+ lunch) * whole + part: breathalyzer体内酒量测定器 (~ + analyzer) newscast (~ + broadcast) workfare (~+ welfare) jazzotheque (~ +discotheque) part + whole: paratroops (parachute +~)