汇流、媒体规管与政策Convergence, media regulation and.pptVIP

匯流、媒體規管與政策 Convergence, media regulation and policy (a) 　 甄美玲 2010 秋 媒体规管与政策 大綱 匯流 Convergence 單是指科技匯流 ? 帶來什麼轉變? 媒體政策與規管 Media policy and regulation 媒體政策與科技的關係 信息時代兩大議題: 滙流與放寬規管 Convergence and deregulation 考慮因素 誰是持份者 (stakeholders)?他們之間的關係? Regulation (規管) versus de-regulation (放寬規管) Trends of regulation? 匯流／融合 Convergence 融合/滙流 Convergence  融合/滙流是指什麼? Convergence in: Media (media platform) 媒體平台 Tools/devices 用具 Technologies Markets (and corporate structures) Policy and regulation 科技 Technology 科技是指什麼 What technologies? Convergence in telecommunications, broadcasting, computing 科技的角色和帶來的改變 Role of technology? In changing the media In changing the market In changing the regulatory model 科技起決定作用? How decisive? 有學者認為科技是最關鍵的因素 Technological determinism 科技與匯流 Technologies and convergence  什麼科技發展帶來融合? What major technological changes have brought about convergence? 以前: 模擬傳輸技術 Previously: analogue transmission 現在:數字傳輸技術 Now: digital communication 模擬傳輸 Analogue communication Information is sent in the form of continuously varying signals that correspond to the fluctuations of sound and light energy originated by the source Telecommunications and mass communications used natural analogue signals for transmission of sound and images Before transmission these signals are converted into electrical signals. At the receiving end, they are converted back to analogue signals 數字傳輸 Digital communication Conversion of sound, picture, and text into computer-readable formats signals are chopped into small pieces called bits consisting of ones and zeros, that carry information in encoded form Because voice, text, data, image and video are indistinguishable form one another when encoded as bits networks can carry content without being aware of its nature. This permits any medium to be a conduit for any type of content or service subject only to limitations imposed by bandwidth. From Hukill (2000) Electronic Communication Convergence 數字傳輸 Digital