4 推理揣摸题1.pptVIP

推理判断题;一、题干形式 这类试题的题干中常含infer(推断), suggest/ imply/indicate(暗示), be likely to ...等词语。常见的题干设题形式如下： (1)What can be inferred Paragraph 3? (2010江西) (2)What does the last sentence of the passage imply? (2008广东) (3) The passage suggests that ______. (2010福建) (4) We can infer from the passage that Chinese English_____. (2010广东) (5)It can be inferred from the passage that____. (2010广东);二、解题方法 1. 解题步骤。解答这类题时，首先通过寻读找到相关信息点(推理的依据)；然后研读，理解相关信息点的字面意义；结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。;2. 思维方法。进行逻辑推理时，可能运用到以理思维方法中的一种或几种： (1)正向思维法：根据短文中提供的事实依据进行正向推理，作出合符情理的结论。 (2)逆向思维法：根据文中事实提出相反的假设,进行推断,从而得出符合情理的结论。 (3)主旨推断法：在理解短文大意，明确文章主旨的基础上，进行推断，从而得出符合情理的结论。;3. 注意选项。熟悉干扰项的特点，有利于快速准确地作出正确选择。 推理判断题中的正确选项是依据文章的事实或证据推断出的符合逻辑的结论或观点，其干扰项具有以下特征： (1)似是而非：只是对原文信息的简单重述，而不是依据文章提供的事实依据推断出来的结论。这类选项对考生的干扰性极大，表面上看起来很正确，符合原文的意思，极易迷惑考生。 (2)夸大事实：对文章的事实或证据进行夸大。;(3)推理过度：这类选项往往过于绝对化或片面化(以偏概全)，有时会出现only, all等词语，所作出的结论不符合逻辑。 (4)掺入常识：根据考生已有的常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。这类错误选项易误选，考生必须注意。;［例］Not that we don’t have other powers of communication. …... Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering. (2010江西卷);三、真题演练;59. What can we infer from the last sentence of the text? A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country. B. Health is more important than money. C. The harmony between man and nature is important. D. Good old day will never be forgotten. ;(2) ［2010福建］However, Fitzgerald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The love of the Last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.;58. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald . A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama B. was well educated and w