NCE第二册语法精粹.docVIP

新概念语法精粹 英语动词时态 (Tenses) 英语时态是英语语法中的第一道难关，攻下此难关是作文、阅读、口语之关键。汉语用不同词表达相应时态，而英语用同一词的不同变化形式表达时态。 英语各种时态构成表：以play为例： 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态 现在 play plays is am playing are has have played has have been playing 过去 played was were playing had played had been playing 将来 shall will play shall will be playing shall will have played shall will have been playing 过去 将来 should would play should would be playing should would have played should would have been playing 一、一般现在时： 1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”， works，takes （2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es” carry → carries （3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es” goes dresses watches brushes 2．功能： （1）表现在的事实、状态或动作：?. Birds fly. ?. She loves music. ?. Marys parents get up very early. （2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等时间副词连用。 ?. I always take a walk after supper. ?. She writes to me very often. ?. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally. （3）表客观真理，格言警句或事实： ?. The earth moves round the sun. ?. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. ?. Two and two makes four. ?. No man but errs. 人非圣贤，熟能无过。 （4）表将来： A．在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless， so long as，where，whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。 （黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它！） 例如： ?. Ill tell her when she comes tomorrow. ?. Even if it rains this afternoon, Ill meet you. ?. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed. （不错的句型，背下！！） ?. Ill be right here waiting for you wherever you go.（很感人的句型！） B．按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。 ?. The play begins at 6:30 this evening. ?. When does the plane take off? ?. He leaves for that city next week. ?. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning. （按照时刻表，开往上海的特快列车早上 7 点出发。） 测试精编 1. The Browns ________ a nice car and Browns brother ________ a nice jeep. A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have