广东外语外贸大学《新编国际贸易》chapter 8 the instruments of trade policy.pptVIP

Chapter 8The Instruments of Trade Policy 8.1 Tariff 8.2 Nontariff Trade Barriers 8.3 Export Stimulation 8.1 Tariff Tariff has been the most important type of trade restriction historically. It is a tax or duty levied on the traded commodity as it crosses a national boundary. Tariffs can be specific or ad valorem. A specific tariff (从量税）is levied as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods. For example, $1 per kg of cheese An ad valorem tariff （从价税）is levied as a fraction of the value of imported goods. For example, 25% tariff on the value of imported cars. Rate of Effective protection