高一英语《Pygmalion》课件3.ppt

过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”或在逻辑上构成“系表结构”。过去分词短语在句中担任条件状语，原因状语以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；担任伴随状语或结果状语时，通常放在句末；担任方式状语时，一般位于句末，有时也可位于句首；担任让步状语时，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句末。 Ⅰ.过去分词担任状语时的语法功能 1)原因状语 ①Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 ②Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didnt dare sleep in her room. 被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。 2)时间状语 ①Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 ②Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗走进时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 3)条件状语和假设状语 ①Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 ②Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。 4)方式或伴随状语 ①Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 ②He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。 5)让步状语 ①Beaten by the police, sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance. 尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。 ②Defeated again, we did not lose heart. 尽管再次被击败，但我们没有灰心。 6)独立成份(插入语) ①Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening. 假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。 ②Put frankly, I dont agree with what he said. 坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。 Ⅱ.与状语从句的相互转换 1)过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。 Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. →When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。 2)作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。 Given more time, she would certainly have done much better. →If she had been given more time, she would certainly have done much better. 如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。 3)作原因状语，可转换为as, since或because等引导的状语从句。 The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once. →As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once. 由于劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了。 4)作让步状语，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。 Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. →Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. 我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。 5)作