2011年度中考英语易错题16.docVIP

2011年中考英语易错题（16） 湖北省宜昌市第五中学　葛　林 1. hear ［误］He was heard sing in the next room. ［正］He was heard to sing in the next room. ［析］hear somebody do something这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hear somebody doing something这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如，主动态：I heard her singing in the next room.变为被动态时为：She was heard singing in the next room.这种用法还适用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。 hear, listen to  hear一词为听见了什么，或听到什么，强调其结果；而listen to则强调有意要听，听的倾向。如：I want to listen to you, but I hear nothing. 但词组hear about (of)则为“听说过”之意，如：I heard about this.（我听说过此事。）而hear from则为“收到某人信件”之意：I often hear from my girl friend. 2. help ［误］Please help my homework. ［正］Please help me do my homework. ［正］Please help me with my homework. ［析］help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something.意为“帮某人作某事”，但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作，如：He helps his mother cook the meal.即“他和母亲一起做饭。”而He helps me to do my homework.则是“他指导我做作业”。但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了。所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同，并无区别。 ［误］When I read the play I cant help to think of my childhood. ［正］When I read the play I cant help thinking of my childhood. ［析］cant help doing something是“身不由己，情不自禁做某事”。 ［误］Help yourself with some cakes. ［正］Help yourself to some cakes. ［析］中文中讲“你自己拿蛋糕吃”，英文中要用help somebody to something. 3. here  ［误］Here the bus comes! ［正］Here comes the bus! ［析］副词在句首时一般要用倒装语序，即谓语动词的位置前移。但是，若主语是人称代词，则还是要用正常语序，如：Here we are! 4. high ［误］He is very high. ［正］He is very tall. ［析］英语中的两个“高”，即high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high则只指物体的高，所以可以讲This building is the highest building in the city.但tall一般不用来指山脉的高低。 5. hit ［误］The mother got angry and hit the boy. ［正］The mother got angry and beat the boy. ［析］hit指打到某物之上，一般指一次性打击，如He hit his head against the wall.（他把头撞到了墙上。）而beat则指多次性的打击。 6. home ［误］Im tired. Its time I went to home. ［正］Im tired. Its time I went home. ［析］ home此处用作副词，所以不应加to，又如：I arrived home at eleven thirty yesterday evening.而at home除了“在家”之意外，还有像“在家里一样”之意。如Make yourself at home.（不要拘束就像在家一样。） home,house, family  home是指与亲人一起