中国外交之LostChance.pptVIP

The Myth of America’s Lost Chance in China 1949-1950 Who Lost China? Discredit the Truman-Marshall-Acheson policy toward China; Foreign Service critics of Jiang’s regime, such as John S. Service John Davies; 1949, Acheson’s China White Paper book By the late 1960s, in the context of America’s war in Vietnam, a new critique of Truman’s policy toward China. There exists a chance in Sino-US accommodation 2 Assumptions: CCP sought US recognition to develop her postwar economic reconstruction; Relationship between CCP and Soviet is vulnerable for Soviet’s insufficient support in Chinese civil war. US Strategy toward China A friendly neutral; To prevent China from becoming an adjunct of Soviet power; Limited Military Aiding based on cost-benefit analysis. US Mediation in China’s Civil War Patrick J. Hurley’ Mediation (Sept. 1944 – Nov. 1945); George Marshall’s Mission to China (Dec. 1945 – Jan. 1947). Key Issues: To establish a coalition government; Not support Jiang Kaishek to initiate Civil War. Marshall-Kennan’s consensus George Marshall: determined to avoid commitment to provide Jiang with the means to victory because they feared the burden on the US would be too large and too long; George Kennan: low estimate of China’s importance in the Cold War. US Overall Judgment on China NSC (March 1948):Soviet objective in Asia was to establish influence over China first, then over Southeast China, and finally over the whole Asia-Pacific area; PPS-39 (Sept. 1948): Chaotic undependable factor on the Far Eastern scene; China is worth having; Mao’s leadership. US Policies toward China Limited financial aid; Exploit the rift between the Soviet Union Communist China; Unilaterally to minimize conflict with the emerging Communist China to draw it away from the USSR, to minimize Soviet influence in the Far East. Angus Ward Case Change of CCP policy toward Americans in Shenyang from Nov. 1948 to late 1948; Soviet’s influence; Mao’s “r