基于gis的地震次生火灾综合评价及防御对策的研究-防灾减灾工程及防护工程专业论文 word格式.docxVIP

摘要摘要地震次生火灾是地震次生灾害中最易发生也是破坏性最大的灾种，起火原因复 杂，蔓延危害严重。我国是地震多发的国家，对地震次生火灾进行全面综合评价是 制定灾后防御对策最重要的途径。文章在梳理分析现有地震次生火灾影响评价方法 的基础上，利用 GIS 建立了地震次生火灾综合评价系统，并以我国北方某工业区 为例进行实践，不仅对该地区进行了地震次生火灾的综合评价，而且由此提出了抗 震防灾的防御对策建议。文章通过对文献资料的整理，总结了地震次生火灾的基本理论及国内外关于地 震次生火灾的评价方法，并在此基础上将 GIS 强大的空间分析法与层次分析法相 结合得到综合评价体系。探讨了适于地震次生火灾区划单元的确定方法——图层叠 加法，论证了其适用性及可行性，并以此将收集到的有关我国北方某工业区的相关 影响因子按点、线、面进行分类、提取，并结合实地情况的权重，进行其灾害区划 单元的确定。通过借鉴国内外已有区域单元火灾风险评价体系，结合实例工业区自 身特点从其火灾起火，火灾载荷，火灾抗灾，城市地震破坏四方面考虑，建立指标 体系得到各因素的影响权重，最终获得 GIS 评分图。综合文章提出的评价方法，将地震次生火灾防御对策分为震前、震时和震后三 部分，主要针对震前预防与震后消防两方面给出建议，为城市工业区域抗震防灾规 划的编制奠定了基础。图 31 幅；表 26 个；参 69 篇。关键词：地震次生火灾；地理信息系统（GIS）；图层叠加；层次分析法；防御对 策分类号：X43- I -河北联合大学硕士学位论文AbstractAs the most frequent post-earthquake disaster, the reason of thepost-earthquake fire is complicated and the harm is heavy. China is an earthquake-prone country, so the most important way to formulate disaster prevention measures is to do the comprehensive evaluation of post-earthquake fire. Based on the analysis of existing post-earthquake fire effect evaluation method, the post-earthquake fire comprehensive evaluation system has established with GIS. Taking an industrial zone in north China as an example, notonly the post-earthquake fires in the region have comprehensively evaluated, but also some countermeasures of earthquake resistance and prevention have suggested in this paper.The basic theories of post-earthquake fire and evaluation methods about the post- earthquake fire both at home and abroad are summarized based on the literature. Accordingly, comprehensive evaluation system by combing strong spatial analysis method with analytic hierarchy process of GIS has been put out. Overlapping layer method which is suitable for determining methods of unit division is discussed. The applicability and feasibility are also demonstrated. Accordingly, the related impact factors collected from the industrial zone in north China which have been classified in terms of point, line and surface, and combined with the weight of cir