缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠髓鞘损伤与修复的相关研究-外科学(神经外)专业论文 word格式.docxVIP

从P7有少量表达，P30大量增加，P90达高峰，老年期呈逐渐下降趋势。提示在发育早期髓鞘结侧区结构的分化晚于髓鞘的形成，在老年期结侧区成分减少，有可能是老年期髓鞘功能减退的原因之一。2.P30HIBD模型大鼠脑髓鞘量减少，脑组织MBP、NF155蛋白表达下调，学习记忆能力下降。髓鞘结构出现错乱，松散，分层等形态学改变，伴有轴突轴质萎缩。提示HIBD大鼠模型脑中髓鞘结构明显异常，导致神经功能异常。此外，还可能因髓鞘结侧区结构破坏使神经纤维轴膜离子通道区域化分布失败，导致有髓神经传导功能异常。3.P30HIBD模型大鼠脑脂筏量减少，结侧区蛋白NF155在脂筏中的分布亦明显减少，提示结侧区脂筏受损。补充外源性GM1不仅能显著增加大鼠脑脂筏量，还能增加HIBD大鼠脑中NF155的表达量及其在脂筏中的分布。提示外源性GM1可能通过补充脂筏中重要脂质，修复髓鞘结侧区脂筏，保护结侧区重要髓鞘蛋白NF155及结侧区复合物，最终起到修复髓鞘的作用。综上所述，脑白质损伤是HIBD中的重要部分，HIBD中脑髓鞘及其结侧区结构均有明显病变。通过改善脂筏的成分可能修复髓鞘结侧区结构和功能，最终达到修复髓鞘的效果。关键词：脑缺血；脑缺氧；髓鞘；髓鞘碱性蛋白；结侧区；神经束蛋白155；脂筏；单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂；少突胶质细胞Damage and repairofmyelinsheath inneonatalratswith hypoxic-ischemicbraininjuryAbstractNeonatalhypoxic-ischemicbraindamage(HIBD)isacommonbraininjuryduetohypoxiaanddecreaseofcerebralbloodsupplycausedbyvariousperinatalfactors.HIBDisaseriouscomplicationofperinatalasphyxiaandthemainreasonforcerebralpalsyandotherneurologicalchronicdisablingdiseases.Peopleusedtothinkthatwhitematterwasof hightolerancetohypoxia,somostresearchesonHIBDhadfocusedonneurondamageandrepair.However,recentstudiesfoundthatwhitematterdamageplaycrucialroleinHIBD, andespeciallyinprematureinfantswithhypoxic-ischemic(HI),theincidenceofwhitematterdamagewasevenhigherthanthatofcorticaldamage.Thesefindingsarechangingpeople’straditionalunderstandingofwhitematteranoxia.Typicalwhitematterdamageduetohypoxic-ischemiaismyelinizationdisturbanceof nervefibers.Oligodendrocytes(OL)arethemajorcellswhoformingmyelinsheathincentralnervoussystem(CNS).Inrecentyears,studieshaveshownthatOLareofhighsensitivitytohypoxia,especiallythecellsatlowermaturitylevelandwithstrong differentiation.Intheneonatalbrain,oligodendrocyteprecursorcells(OPC)aredominantOL,andhighlysensitivetoHI.Afterdamage,OPCcan’tdifferentiatewell,andthus,reducethenumberofOLandmakedysfunction.Inthisway,dysmyelinationofwhitematterhappens,andasaresult,somesequelaeoccur,suchasdevelopmentaldisorders, cerebralpalsyandmentalretardationandsoon.However,therearerarestudiesaboutthebrain myelin development and related influencin