昆虫学ppt 1.pptVIP

一、内分泌系统与激素控制The endocrine system and the function of hormones 昆虫的生长发育、脱皮、变态、生殖、滞育等生理过程都离不开昆虫激素的参与。 昆虫激素hormone是指由内分泌器官分泌的、具有高度活性的微量化学物质。 5. Involvement in reproduction 6. Regulation of metabolic activities and general body functions 7. Regulation of behavior 8. Regulation of preprogrammed cell death Produced within an organism’s body by 神经元neuronal, 神经腺体neuroglandular or 腺体中心glandular centres Transported to their target tissues by haemolymph, often water-soluble Influence a remarkable variety of physiological processes, even though present in extremely small quantities 研究昆虫内分泌系统的技术和方法Techniques for studying the insect endocrine system First generation insect endocrinologists (1920-1950’s) Mainly identified the major endocrine glands and some of their functions used the following techniques 结扎Ligation 联体共生Parabiosis 摘除Extirpation 移植Transplantation of gland 再植Reimplantation of gland 光学显微镜Light microscopy 研究昆虫内分泌系统的技术和方法Techniques for studying the insect endocrine system Second generation endocrinologists (1950-1960’s) Hormones were chemically identified as to their structure and biosynthetic pathways used the following techniques SEM and TEM of glands Antibodies to the hormone 气-液质色谱Gas and liquid chromatography 质谱Mass spectrometry 核磁共振Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 高性能液相色谱High-performance liquid chromatography 研究昆虫内分泌系统的技术和方法Techniques for studying the insect endocrine system Third generation endocrinologists (1970-1980’s) Determined hormone titer used the following techniques 酶联免疫分析Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and 放射性免疫RIA-radioimmunoassay Fourth generation endocrinologists (1980s until now) are using the following techniques Locate and determine the genes involved in hormone production, determining the molecular structure and action. Identifying various receptors - PCR, other molecular and genetic techniques 促前胸腺激素（旧称脑激素） Prothoracotropic hormone, PTTH 蜕皮激素Molting hormone 保幼激素Juvenile hormones They are integral to the growth and reproducti