新苏科版八年级物理上册3.3《光的直线传播》课件3.ppt

The light spread along a straight line in the same uniform medium。 Example : solar eclipse,日食 lunar eclipse 月食 Use a arrow ---------light ray 影子 阴影区 小孔成像 大孔成斑 光的传播要不要时间，光速到底有多快？ 2,Speed of light 1607年，伽利略进行了世界上第一次测量光速的尝试。方法是，他和助手分别站在相距1.5千米的两座山上，每人手拿一盏灯。伽利略先打开灯，当助手看到他的灯光时，立刻打开自己的灯，从伽利略打开灯至他看见助手那盏灯的灯光，这个间隔就是光传播了3千米的时间。 光的速度太大，在相距约1.5km的两山顶间来回一次，所用的时间大约只有十万分之一秒，用这种简单粗糙的方法根本不能测出这样短的时间来。 光1秒钟里传播的路程 光在不同介质中的传播速度 介质 光 速 真空 空气 水 玻璃 C=3×108m/s 稍小于真空中的速度 约空气中的3/4 约空气中的2/3 【光速】 Objects that reflect light well: Reflective materials Have rough, matt surfaces and are usually dark colours. Give diffuse images (or do not give any images) because they reflect light irregularly. This is called scattering. Have smooth, shiny surfaces and are usually pale colours. Give clear images because they reflect light regularly. Objects that do not reflect light well: Image of a plane mirror A plane mirror reflects light regularly so it produces a clear image, which is the same size as the object. When an object is reflected in a plane mirror, left appears as right and right appears as left. This type of reversal is called lateral inversion. What is different about the image compared to the object? The image appears the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of it. Reflection ray diagram incident ray reflected ray angle of incidence angle of reflection a plane mirror normal