七课条件运算与选择结构北京大学1节.pptVIP

* Pointer to arrays #define ROWS 2 #define COLS 3 int nums[ROWS][COLS] = { {16,18,20}, {25,26,27} }; * Pointer to arrays (cont.) 20 18 26 16 27 25 num[0] num[1] *(num +0) *(num +1) num[1][1] *(num [1] + 1) *( * (num +1) + 1) int * int (*p) [3] int p[ ] [3] * Home work P232 8,12 * * * * * * * Hu Junfeng 2008/11/13 Lesson 16 Character Strings Pointer * Array of characters * String concepts a string is a series of characters treated as a unit. C string * Why string? Variable in length Storage compact One string one name * Strings as constant * Copy strings * Compare strings * String library 1 == 0 -1 * String to number * Exp: A simple calculator * Trim spaces and input validation * Calculator * 课堂小测试: (学号，姓名) revCmp(char st1[], char st2[]); 从后向前比较大小。从各自的串尾字符比起，先出现较大字符者为大，都相同情况下较长者为大。 返回： == 0 1 -1 * * How many Fibs? num1,num2 Fib(i) num1 Count++;i++ Fib(i) num2 Print count i++ * Fib(i) f1= 1; f2 = 2; f(i) = f(i-1) + f(i-2); //By 叶树雄 * * Formatting Strings Examples: printf(|%25s|,Have a Happy Day); | Have a Happy Day| printf(|%-25s|,Have a Happy Day); |Have a Happy Day | * Format Strings The control string containing the conversion control sequences need not be explicitly contained within the function printf($%5.2f %d,num1,num2); Or, char fmat[] = $%5.2f %d; printf(fmat,num1,num2); Format string in variable * In-Memory String Conversions The sprintf() and sscanf() functions provide capabilities for writing and scanning strings to and from memory variables sprintf(disStrn,%d %d, num1, num2); sscanf(data,%c%lf %d,dol,price,units); $23.45 10 sscanf(date,%d/%d/%d, month, day, year); 07/01/94 * Subscript to address (offset) grade[k] ? starting address + subscript * sizeOfElement int grade[5]; * Types of Pointers int *ptr ; char *ptr; void *ptr; why?pointers?are?always?typed? To let the?compiler?knows?how?many?bytes? to?retrieve?on?a?pointer?dereference. and let it?knows?by?how?much?to?scale?a?subscrip