心血管健康和干预策略心血管健康和干预策略.pdfVIP

心血管健康和干预策略 心血管健康和干预策略 Cardiovascular health and Cardiovascular health and intervention strategies intervention strategies Paul Landsbergis, PhD, MPH paul.landsbergis@ Department of Community and Preventive Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Workshop on Occupational Health and Mental Health Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Beijing, China September 28, 2007 干预: ? 干预:改变什么? Interventions: what is being changed? Interventions: what is being changed? 初级干预(预防性) Primary prevention (proactive) 经济、政治环境 社会变化 Economic, political context Social change 组织环境Organizational context 工作-家庭方案Work-family programs 组织变化 临时工作、减员Contingent work, Downsizing Organizational change 工作组织的新系统New systems of work organization 工作特征Job characteristics 工作再设计 低工作控制Low job control 高工作要求High job demands Job redesign 社交孤立Social isolation 次级干预Secondary prevention 应激反应Stress response 个体适应 生理反应（如：血压上升）Physiological effects (e.g., BP ) Individual coping 心理反应（如：衰竭）Psychological effects (e.g., burnout) 健康行为Health behaviors 三级干预Tertiary prevention 个体治疗，康复 疾病Illness Individual Tx, rehabilitation