LCA没美国钢产品的生命周期评价.pptVIP

What is LCA? Why LCA? The ISO 14040 framework Goal and scope definition Inventory analysis Impact assessment Interpretation What is LCA? (1) Officially:Life Cycle Assessment Here confined to:quantitative environmental Life Cycle Assessment of products environmental Life Cycle Assessment quantitative products What is LCA? (2) At least three different meanings: LCA as a field of study LCA as a technique LCA as a specific study What is LCA? (3) Basically: tool for decision-support computational aspects which data which models which formulas procedural aspects who to involve how to report how to use What is LCA? (4) ISO-standardised procedure (ISO 14040, created in 1997-2000; revised in 2006) Structured framework: four phases Rules, requirements and considerations specified Specific data and calculation steps not specified Much attention for transparency in reporting ISO 14040 framework (1) ISO 14040 framework (2) ISO: Compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle International Standard ISO 14040 complementary International Standards ISO 14041, 14042, 14043 no Technical Report to 14040, but Technical Reports to 14041 and 14042 14044 merges the revised 14040-14043 (2006) Why LCA? (1) Why a product-oriented information tool? Increased attention for product policy several national policy plans EU’s Integrated Product Policy UNEP’s International Declaration on Cleaner Production etc. Influence consumption and production patterns clean(er) production ecolabel product stewardship etc. Why LCA? (2) Why an integrated information tool? Prevent problem shifting to other life cycle stages to other substances to other environmental problems to other countries to the future Why LCA? (3) Why a method? To structure the large amount of complex data To facilitate comparisons across product alternatives To enable benchmarking Why LCA? (4) ISO 14040 framework (3) Phase 1: Goal and scope def