WorkBreakdownStructure工作分解 结构.pdfVIP

Project Management Practices Rev E, June 2003 U.S. Department of Energy Office of Management, Budget and Evaluation Work Breakdown Structure Initiated by: Office of Engineering and Construction Management WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE A project work breakdown structure (WBS) is a deliverable or product-oriented grouping of project work elements shown in graphical display to organize and subdivide the total work scope of a project. The WBS is a particularly important project tool. Considerable thought and planning should be given to its development and implementation so that subsequent changes are minimized. Major revisions to a WBS require both substantial effort and resources, due to its application to a wide array of project activities. Project WBSs, which are driven by the scope of a project, should not be confused with other uses of WBS -like systems. MIL-HDBK-881 is the accepted standard on WBS. 1.0 WBS DEVELOPMENT A WBS is the cornerstone of effective project planning, execution, controlling, statusing, and reporting. All the work contained within the WBS is to be identified, estimated, scheduled, and budgeted. The WBS is the structure and code that integrates and relates all project work (scope, schedule, and cost). Therefore, the WBS contains the project’s scope baseline necessary to achieve the technical objectives of the work described. The WBS is used as a management tool throughout the life cycle of a project to identify, assign, and track its total work scope. When initial project funding is received, the Project Director (PD) develops a WBS that identifies necessary funds according to the schedule and needs of the tasks in the WBS elements. The WBS is