- 1、本文档共31页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
全国疾控卫生应急培训之Introtodisasters灾害引发的公共卫生后果
Thank youMark Keim, MDmkeim@cdc.gov * Disasters occur when a population is exposed and is vulnerable to a hazard. Hazards are potential threats to humans and their welfare. Examples of “hazards” may include natural events such as geological events (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and landslides), hydro-meteorological events (floods, storms: tornadoes, hurricanes; drought; and wildfire) and biological events (human disease-communicable and non-communicable including zoonotic disease, and botanical disease); technological hazards (those induced by man) include transport crashes, hazardous material releases, violence, fires/explosions or structural collapses. When these hazards impact on humans, plants, or animals the potential for a “disaster” occurs. To be defined as a disaster, the effects must exceed the ability of community or society to cope with the effects of its own. * Natural: caused by the forces of nature. Human-generated: caused by man such as transport crashes (marine, air, and ground), hazardous material release, violence (civil unrest, terrorism: chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear and explosive and warfare), fires and explosions, and structural collapse. “Na-Tech” which is a combination of natural and technological. Situations in which a natural disaster may trigger a technological disaster. The last category is complex natural disasters. It is rare that you find a pure natural disaster. Generally natural disasters create additional follow-on technological disaster events. Hurricane Katrina precipitated chemical spills, fires, and environmental polution. * The Pacific is the most disaster prone area in the world followed by Asia; Latin America and Africa; and North America, Europe, and Australia, the least. Reasons why disaster deaths occur more frequently in developing countries among the poor: Housing: Poor are least able to afford housing that can withstand natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes; they
文档评论(0)