八通道自动铺丝张力测控系统方案设计-论文.docVIP

大学硕士学位论文  摘  要  纤维与树脂复合材料的强度与重量比明显优于金属，其产品同时具有结构 性能可设计及耐腐蚀等优点，因此在航天、国防和民用工业中正发挥越来越重 要的作用。张力控制是纤维和树脂复合材料生产工艺中极其重要的技术环节， 生产过程中能否获得稳定可控的张力是纤维材料制品是否高强可靠的关键所 在。我国现有的纤维缠绕机中所使用的张力控制仪对张力的控制精度和张力可 调节性能都比较低，为此，本文进行了八通道自动铺丝张力测控系统的方案设 计。 本文研究设计了金属应变式张力传感器，包括金属应变效应介绍，应变信 号调理转换电路设计，张力传感器的结构特点分析和结构参数设计。同时还研 究了张力控制执行机构——直流力矩电机的工作特性，控制器的设计等方面的 内容。文中同时涵盖数据采集和处理，增量式数字 PID 控制方法的内容。文章 最后还给出了张力测控系统软件部分的相关介绍，包括主程序和各个功能模块 的软件流程。 关键词：张力，张力控制仪，金属应变式张力传感器，直流力矩电机，PID 控 制 i 八通道自动铺丝张力测控系统方案设计 ABSTRACT Due to the better strength-weight ratio compared with that of metal, and because it has advantages like erosion endurance, the tow and resin-compound materials are becoming more and more important in spaceflight, national defense and civil techniques. Tension control is the crucial technique in the manufacturing process of the tow and resin-compound materials. The strength and reliability of the products made from tow materials is highly dependent on whether a stable and controllable tension can be secured in the manufacturing process. However, the tension-control equipment used in tow twister at present in our country can not meet the requirements in terms of degree control and tension modulation. Therefore, this paper conducts a design of 8-channel tension testing and control system in the automated tow placement. This paper is devoted to the research and design of the metal-strain tension sensor, including a presentation of metal-strain effect, the circuit design for the signal management and conversion, the analysis of the characteristics of the sensor’s structure and parameter. The performance characteristics and control mode of the DC (direct current) torque motor, which is the executive framework of the tension control system, is also introduced in the paper. Meanwhile, it also covers data gathering and processing and increment PID control arithmetic. At the end of the paper, it introduces the system software of the tension testing and control system, including the software flo