Unit19状语从句.ppt

What表示比较关系的三种句型 what一词用法很多，它可用作疑问代词，引导特殊疑问句；它可用作连接代词，引导名词性从句；它还可用于感叹句等。 what作连接代词时还有一种特殊的用法，用来比较说明两种事物相同或相似的关系，起比喻作用，相当于连接词as，意为“正如”、“好比”、“就象…一样”。现具体说明如下： What表示比较关系的三种句型 1．A is B what C is to D． 1） Water is to fish what air is to man（水对鱼的关系就象空气对人的关系一样。） 2）Ten is to five what eight is to four．（10比5等于8比4） 2．What C is to D，A is to B． l）What food is to the body，a book is to the mind.（书籍对于心灵犹如食物对于身体。） 2）What the gun is to a fighter，the pen is to a writer．（作家的笔犹如战士的枪。） 3．What C is to D，that A is to B． 1）What nourishing food is to the body，that a good book is to the mind．（好书对于心灵正如营养食物对于身体。） 2）What lungs are to the body，that parks are to the city．（公园对于城市犹如肺对于人体。） 第三种句型不很常用。但无论使用哪一种形式，只要两种相似关系对比适当，比喻恰如其分，都能起到良好的修辞效果 考点2 表示时间的词组引导状从 as soon as, no sooner…than…,hardly (barely, scarcely) …when…等用法都表示主从动作相继发生。 hardly和no sooner放在句首，从句要倒装。 例：Hardly had she sat down when the telephone rang. Immediately, instantly，the moment，the instant, the minute, the second，the day (the + 瞬时名词/段时名词) 等 表示时间概念的词也可引导时间状从。 例： I went to see him immediately I heard from him. by the time, each time, every time, any time, last time, next time, first time, soon after, shortly after都可以作为连词引 导时间状语。如：I recognized him the moment I saw him. By the time he was four, he had taught himself math. Each time he came, he would call on me. 考点3 until/ till 主句谓语动词是持续动词，“直到…为止”。如： I worked till (until) he came back. not…until…: “直到…才”,主句谓语动词必须是短暂性的 如： She won’t go to bed till/until he returns home. not…until结构若在强调句中成为被强调的部分，须将not 和until连在一起并前移，如果not until在句首，主句倒 装。 It was not until he came back that I know it. = Not until he came back did I know it. 重要考点 几个极易混淆的时间状语从句： It was +时间点+when…（当的时候时间是） It was 5 am when we arrived at the village. It was/will be+时间段+before…(没过…就／过了…才) It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again. It is /has been +时间段+since…（自从…以来有…） It is/has been 3 years since we last met. 突破点：一看be动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。 注意：在“It is /has been +时间段+since…”句型中，从句 的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是延续性的动词，时间要从 从句的动作结束